diff --git a/src/App.tsx b/src/App.tsx
index 1835da1a..fa9b6b45 100644
--- a/src/App.tsx
+++ b/src/App.tsx
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ import { useThemeManager } from './hooks/useThemeManager'
 import { useEditorSaveWithLinks } from './hooks/useEditorSaveWithLinks'
 import { useNavigationGestures } from './hooks/useNavigationGestures'
 import { useAiActivity } from './hooks/useAiActivity'
+import { useBulkActions } from './hooks/useBulkActions'
 import { ConflictResolverModal } from './components/ConflictResolverModal'
 import { ConfirmDeleteDialog } from './components/ConfirmDeleteDialog'
 import { UpdateBanner } from './components/UpdateBanner'
@@ -61,40 +62,6 @@ declare global {
 
 const DEFAULT_SELECTION: SidebarSelection = { kind: 'filter', filter: 'all' }
 
-function useBulkActions(
-  entryActions: { handleArchiveNote: (path: string) => Promise<void>; handleTrashNote: (path: string) => Promise<void>; handleRestoreNote: (path: string) => Promise<void> },
-  setToastMessage: (msg: string | null) => void,
-) {
-  const handleBulkArchive = useCallback(async (paths: string[]) => {
-    let ok = 0
-    for (const path of paths) {
-      try { await entryActions.handleArchiveNote(path); ok++ }
-      catch { /* error toast already shown by flushBeforeAction */ }
-    }
-    if (ok > 0) setToastMessage(`${ok} note${ok > 1 ? 's' : ''} archived`)
-  }, [entryActions, setToastMessage])
-
-  const handleBulkTrash = useCallback(async (paths: string[]) => {
-    let ok = 0
-    for (const path of paths) {
-      try { await entryActions.handleTrashNote(path); ok++ }
-      catch { /* error toast already shown by flushBeforeAction */ }
-    }
-    if (ok > 0) setToastMessage(`${ok} note${ok > 1 ? 's' : ''} moved to trash`)
-  }, [entryActions, setToastMessage])
-
-  const handleBulkRestore = useCallback(async (paths: string[]) => {
-    let ok = 0
-    for (const path of paths) {
-      try { await entryActions.handleRestoreNote(path); ok++ }
-      catch { /* skip — error toast already shown */ }
-    }
-    if (ok > 0) setToastMessage(`${ok} note${ok > 1 ? 's' : ''} restored`)
-  }, [entryActions, setToastMessage])
-
-  return { handleBulkArchive, handleBulkTrash, handleBulkRestore }
-}
-
 function useLayoutPanels() {
   const [sidebarWidth, setSidebarWidth] = useState(250)
   const [noteListWidth, setNoteListWidth] = useState(300)
diff --git a/src/hooks/useBulkActions.test.ts b/src/hooks/useBulkActions.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..61e0550a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hooks/useBulkActions.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from 'vitest'
+import { renderHook, act } from '@testing-library/react'
+import { useBulkActions } from './useBulkActions'
+
+describe('useBulkActions', () => {
+  let handleArchiveNote: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>
+  let handleTrashNote: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>
+  let handleRestoreNote: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>
+  let setToastMessage: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    handleArchiveNote = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined)
+    handleTrashNote = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined)
+    handleRestoreNote = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined)
+    setToastMessage = vi.fn()
+  })
+
+  function renderBulkActions() {
+    return renderHook(() =>
+      useBulkActions(
+        { handleArchiveNote, handleTrashNote, handleRestoreNote },
+        setToastMessage,
+      ),
+    )
+  }
+
+  // --- handleBulkArchive ---
+
+  describe('handleBulkArchive', () => {
+    it('archives each path and shows plural toast for multiple notes', async () => {
+      const { result } = renderBulkActions()
+      await act(async () => {
+        await result.current.handleBulkArchive(['/vault/a.md', '/vault/b.md'])
+      })
+      expect(handleArchiveNote).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2)
+      expect(handleArchiveNote).toHaveBeenCalledWith('/vault/a.md')
+      expect(handleArchiveNote).toHaveBeenCalledWith('/vault/b.md')
+      expect(setToastMessage).toHaveBeenCalledWith('2 notes archived')
+    })
+
+    it('shows singular toast when one note archived', async () => {
+      const { result } = renderBulkActions()
+      await act(async () => {
+        await result.current.handleBulkArchive(['/vault/a.md'])
+      })
+      expect(setToastMessage).toHaveBeenCalledWith('1 note archived')
+    })
+
+    it('does not show toast when empty array given', async () => {
+      const { result } = renderBulkActions()
+      await act(async () => {
+        await result.current.handleBulkArchive([])
+      })
+      expect(handleArchiveNote).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+      expect(setToastMessage).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    })
+
+    it('skips failed paths and only counts successes in toast', async () => {
+      handleArchiveNote
+        .mockResolvedValueOnce(undefined) // /vault/a.md succeeds
+        .mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('fail')) // /vault/b.md fails
+        .mockResolvedValueOnce(undefined) // /vault/c.md succeeds
+      const { result } = renderBulkActions()
+      await act(async () => {
+        await result.current.handleBulkArchive(['/vault/a.md', '/vault/b.md', '/vault/c.md'])
+      })
+      expect(handleArchiveNote).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(3)
+      expect(setToastMessage).toHaveBeenCalledWith('2 notes archived')
+    })
+
+    it('shows no toast when all paths fail', async () => {
+      handleArchiveNote.mockRejectedValue(new Error('fail'))
+      const { result } = renderBulkActions()
+      await act(async () => {
+        await result.current.handleBulkArchive(['/vault/a.md', '/vault/b.md'])
+      })
+      expect(setToastMessage).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --- handleBulkTrash ---
+
+  describe('handleBulkTrash', () => {
+    it('trashes each path and shows plural toast', async () => {
+      const { result } = renderBulkActions()
+      await act(async () => {
+        await result.current.handleBulkTrash(['/vault/a.md', '/vault/b.md'])
+      })
+      expect(handleTrashNote).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2)
+      expect(setToastMessage).toHaveBeenCalledWith('2 notes moved to trash')
+    })
+
+    it('shows singular toast when one note trashed', async () => {
+      const { result } = renderBulkActions()
+      await act(async () => {
+        await result.current.handleBulkTrash(['/vault/a.md'])
+      })
+      expect(setToastMessage).toHaveBeenCalledWith('1 note moved to trash')
+    })
+
+    it('does not show toast when empty array given', async () => {
+      const { result } = renderBulkActions()
+      await act(async () => {
+        await result.current.handleBulkTrash([])
+      })
+      expect(setToastMessage).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    })
+
+    it('skips failed paths and counts only successes', async () => {
+      handleTrashNote
+        .mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('fail'))
+        .mockResolvedValueOnce(undefined)
+      const { result } = renderBulkActions()
+      await act(async () => {
+        await result.current.handleBulkTrash(['/vault/a.md', '/vault/b.md'])
+      })
+      expect(setToastMessage).toHaveBeenCalledWith('1 note moved to trash')
+    })
+
+    it('shows no toast when all fail', async () => {
+      handleTrashNote.mockRejectedValue(new Error('fail'))
+      const { result } = renderBulkActions()
+      await act(async () => {
+        await result.current.handleBulkTrash(['/vault/a.md'])
+      })
+      expect(setToastMessage).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --- handleBulkRestore ---
+
+  describe('handleBulkRestore', () => {
+    it('restores each path and shows plural toast', async () => {
+      const { result } = renderBulkActions()
+      await act(async () => {
+        await result.current.handleBulkRestore(['/vault/a.md', '/vault/b.md', '/vault/c.md'])
+      })
+      expect(handleRestoreNote).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(3)
+      expect(setToastMessage).toHaveBeenCalledWith('3 notes restored')
+    })
+
+    it('shows singular toast when one note restored', async () => {
+      const { result } = renderBulkActions()
+      await act(async () => {
+        await result.current.handleBulkRestore(['/vault/only.md'])
+      })
+      expect(setToastMessage).toHaveBeenCalledWith('1 note restored')
+    })
+
+    it('does not show toast when empty array given', async () => {
+      const { result } = renderBulkActions()
+      await act(async () => {
+        await result.current.handleBulkRestore([])
+      })
+      expect(setToastMessage).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    })
+
+    it('partial failure: counts only successful restores in toast', async () => {
+      handleRestoreNote
+        .mockResolvedValueOnce(undefined)  // /vault/a.md ok
+        .mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('not found'))  // /vault/b.md fails
+        .mockResolvedValueOnce(undefined)  // /vault/c.md ok
+      const { result } = renderBulkActions()
+      await act(async () => {
+        await result.current.handleBulkRestore(['/vault/a.md', '/vault/b.md', '/vault/c.md'])
+      })
+      expect(handleRestoreNote).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(3)
+      expect(setToastMessage).toHaveBeenCalledWith('2 notes restored')
+    })
+
+    it('shows no toast when all restores fail', async () => {
+      handleRestoreNote.mockRejectedValue(new Error('fail'))
+      const { result } = renderBulkActions()
+      await act(async () => {
+        await result.current.handleBulkRestore(['/vault/a.md', '/vault/b.md'])
+      })
+      expect(setToastMessage).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    })
+  })
+})
diff --git a/src/hooks/useBulkActions.ts b/src/hooks/useBulkActions.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ff28bfcc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hooks/useBulkActions.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+import { useCallback } from 'react'
+
+interface BulkEntryActions {
+  handleArchiveNote: (path: string) => Promise<void>
+  handleTrashNote: (path: string) => Promise<void>
+  handleRestoreNote: (path: string) => Promise<void>
+}
+
+export function useBulkActions(
+  entryActions: BulkEntryActions,
+  setToastMessage: (msg: string | null) => void,
+) {
+  const handleBulkArchive = useCallback(async (paths: string[]) => {
+    let ok = 0
+    for (const path of paths) {
+      try { await entryActions.handleArchiveNote(path); ok++ }
+      catch { /* error toast already shown by flushBeforeAction */ }
+    }
+    if (ok > 0) setToastMessage(`${ok} note${ok > 1 ? 's' : ''} archived`)
+  }, [entryActions, setToastMessage])
+
+  const handleBulkTrash = useCallback(async (paths: string[]) => {
+    let ok = 0
+    for (const path of paths) {
+      try { await entryActions.handleTrashNote(path); ok++ }
+      catch { /* error toast already shown by flushBeforeAction */ }
+    }
+    if (ok > 0) setToastMessage(`${ok} note${ok > 1 ? 's' : ''} moved to trash`)
+  }, [entryActions, setToastMessage])
+
+  const handleBulkRestore = useCallback(async (paths: string[]) => {
+    let ok = 0
+    for (const path of paths) {
+      try { await entryActions.handleRestoreNote(path); ok++ }
+      catch { /* skip — error toast already shown */ }
+    }
+    if (ok > 0) setToastMessage(`${ok} note${ok > 1 ? 's' : ''} restored`)
+  }, [entryActions, setToastMessage])
+
+  return { handleBulkArchive, handleBulkTrash, handleBulkRestore }
+}