diff --git a/src/hooks/useVaultLoader.test.ts b/src/hooks/useVaultLoader.test.ts
index 8e1d0e51..02783f62 100644
--- a/src/hooks/useVaultLoader.test.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/useVaultLoader.test.ts
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ function defaultMockInvoke(cmd: string, args?: Record<string, unknown>) {
   if (cmd === 'get_file_diff') return Promise.resolve('--- a/note.md\n+++ b/note.md')
   if (cmd === 'get_file_diff_at_commit') return Promise.resolve(`diff for ${(args as Record<string, string>)?.commitHash}`)
   if (cmd === 'git_commit') return Promise.resolve('committed')
-  if (cmd === 'git_push') return Promise.resolve('pushed')
+  if (cmd === 'git_push') return Promise.resolve({ status: 'ok', message: 'Pushed to remote' })
   return Promise.resolve(null)
 }
 
@@ -382,6 +382,49 @@ describe('useVaultLoader', () => {
 
       expect(response).toBe('Committed and pushed')
     })
+
+    it('returns actionable message when push is rejected', async () => {
+      mockInvokeFn.mockImplementation(((cmd: string) => {
+        if (cmd === 'list_vault') return Promise.resolve(mockEntries)
+        if (cmd === 'get_all_content') return Promise.resolve(mockContent)
+        if (cmd === 'get_modified_files') return Promise.resolve([])
+        if (cmd === 'git_commit') return Promise.resolve('committed')
+        if (cmd === 'git_push') return Promise.resolve({ status: 'rejected', message: 'Push rejected: remote has new commits. Pull first, then push.' })
+        return Promise.resolve(null)
+      }) as typeof defaultMockInvoke)
+
+      const { result } = renderHook(() => useVaultLoader('/vault'))
+      await waitFor(() => { expect(result.current.entries).toHaveLength(1) })
+
+      let response = ''
+      await act(async () => {
+        response = await result.current.commitAndPush('test commit')
+      })
+
+      expect(response).toContain('Pull first')
+      expect(response).not.toBe('Committed and pushed')
+    })
+
+    it('returns network error message on network failure', async () => {
+      mockInvokeFn.mockImplementation(((cmd: string) => {
+        if (cmd === 'list_vault') return Promise.resolve(mockEntries)
+        if (cmd === 'get_all_content') return Promise.resolve(mockContent)
+        if (cmd === 'get_modified_files') return Promise.resolve([])
+        if (cmd === 'git_commit') return Promise.resolve('committed')
+        if (cmd === 'git_push') return Promise.resolve({ status: 'network_error', message: 'Push failed: network error. Check your connection and try again.' })
+        return Promise.resolve(null)
+      }) as typeof defaultMockInvoke)
+
+      const { result } = renderHook(() => useVaultLoader('/vault'))
+      await waitFor(() => { expect(result.current.entries).toHaveLength(1) })
+
+      let response = ''
+      await act(async () => {
+        response = await result.current.commitAndPush('test commit')
+      })
+
+      expect(response).toContain('network error')
+    })
   })
 
   describe('loadModifiedFiles', () => {
diff --git a/src/hooks/useVaultLoader.ts b/src/hooks/useVaultLoader.ts
index 3efe955c..b416dabb 100644
--- a/src/hooks/useVaultLoader.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/useVaultLoader.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useState, startTransition } from 'react'
 import { invoke } from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
 import { isTauri, mockInvoke } from '../mock-tauri'
-import type { VaultEntry, GitCommit, ModifiedFile, NoteStatus } from '../types'
+import type { VaultEntry, GitCommit, ModifiedFile, NoteStatus, GitPushResult } from '../types'
 
 function tauriCall<T>(command: string, tauriArgs: Record<string, unknown>, mockArgs?: Record<string, unknown>): Promise<T> {
   return isTauri() ? invoke<T>(command, tauriArgs) : mockInvoke<T>(command, mockArgs ?? tauriArgs)
@@ -18,16 +18,12 @@ async function loadVaultData(vaultPath: string) {
 async function commitWithPush(vaultPath: string, message: string): Promise<string> {
   if (!isTauri()) {
     await mockInvoke<string>('git_commit', { message })
-    await mockInvoke<string>('git_push', {})
-    return 'Committed and pushed'
+    const pushResult = await mockInvoke<GitPushResult>('git_push', {})
+    return pushResult.status === 'ok' ? 'Committed and pushed' : pushResult.message
   }
   await invoke<string>('git_commit', { vaultPath, message })
-  try {
-    await invoke<string>('git_push', { vaultPath })
-    return 'Committed and pushed'
-  } catch {
-    return 'Committed (push failed)'
-  }
+  const pushResult = await invoke<GitPushResult>('git_push', { vaultPath })
+  return pushResult.status === 'ok' ? 'Committed and pushed' : pushResult.message
 }
 
 function useNewNoteTracker() {
diff --git a/src/mock-tauri/mock-handlers.ts b/src/mock-tauri/mock-handlers.ts
index 0334b142..bdd21ab0 100644
--- a/src/mock-tauri/mock-handlers.ts
+++ b/src/mock-tauri/mock-handlers.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  * Each handler simulates a Tauri backend command.
  */
 
-import type { VaultEntry, VaultConfig, ModifiedFile, Settings, DeviceFlowStart, DeviceFlowPollResult, GitHubUser, GitPullResult, LastCommitInfo, ThemeFile, VaultSettings, PulseCommit } from '../types'
+import type { VaultEntry, VaultConfig, ModifiedFile, Settings, DeviceFlowStart, DeviceFlowPollResult, GitHubUser, GitPullResult, GitPushResult, LastCommitInfo, ThemeFile, VaultSettings, PulseCommit } from '../types'
 import { MOCK_CONTENT } from './mock-content'
 import { MOCK_ENTRIES } from './mock-entries'
 
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ export const mockHandlers: Record<string, (args: any) => any> = {
   get_build_number: () => 'bDEV',
   get_last_commit_info: (): LastCommitInfo => ({ shortHash: 'a1b2c3d', commitUrl: 'https://github.com/lucaong/laputa-vault/commit/a1b2c3d4e5f6a7b8c9d0e1f2a3b4c5d6e7f8a9b0' }),
   git_pull: (): GitPullResult => ({ status: 'up_to_date', message: 'Already up to date', updatedFiles: [], conflictFiles: [] }),
-  git_push: () => 'Everything up-to-date',
+  git_push: (): GitPushResult => ({ status: 'ok', message: 'Pushed to remote' }),
   get_vault_pulse: (args: { limit?: number }): PulseCommit[] => {
     const limit = args.limit ?? 30
     const ts = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000)
diff --git a/src/types.ts b/src/types.ts
index 96a999aa..d1c97b27 100644
--- a/src/types.ts
+++ b/src/types.ts
@@ -78,6 +78,11 @@ export interface GitPullResult {
   conflictFiles: string[]
 }
 
+export interface GitPushResult {
+  status: 'ok' | 'rejected' | 'auth_error' | 'network_error' | 'error'
+  message: string
+}
+
 export type SyncStatus = 'idle' | 'syncing' | 'error' | 'conflict'
 
 export interface DeviceFlowStart {